Present tense ketika menyatakan kejadian yang dilakukan berulang-ulang.

1.Present Tense:

a. dipakai untuk menyatakan perbuatan yang menjadi kebiasaan/aktivitas.

b. (+) S + V1 + O

(-) S + Do/Does + Not + V1 + O

(?) Do/Does + S + V1 + O ?

c. I go to school everyday.

2. Past Tense

a. Dipakai untuk menyatakan perbuatan yang selesai pada waktu lampau

b. (+) S + V2 + O

(-) S + Did + Not + V1 + O

(?) Did + S + V1 + O ?

c. She went to her friend last week.

3. Present Continues Tense

a. Dipakai untuk menyatakan perbuatan yang sedang berlangsung.

b. (+) S + To Be + Ving + O

(-) S + To Be + Not + Ving + O

(?) To Be + S + Ving + O ?

c. They are playing Football

4. Past Continues Tense

a.Dipakai Untuk menyatakan perbuatan yang sedang terjadi diwaktu lampau.

b.(+) S + Was/Were + VIng + O

(-) S + Was/Were + Not + VIng + O

(?) Was/Were + S + VIng + O ?

c. I was studying english last night.

5. Present Perfect Tense

a.Menyatakan perbuatan yang telah terjadi

b.(+) S + Have/Has + V3 + O

(-) S + Have/Has + Not + V3 + O

(?) Have/has + S + V3 + O ?

c. She has been at home already.

6. Past Perfect Tense.

a.Dipakai untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan yang telah selesai sebelum suatu
perbuatan lain terjadi dimasa lampau

b.(+) S + Had + V3 + O

(-) S + Had + Not + V3 + O

(?) Had + S + V3 + O ?

c. I had worked

7. Present Future Tense.

a.Dipakai Untuk menyatakan perbuatan yang akan dilakukan pada waktu yang akan
datang.

b.(+) S + Shall/will + V1 + O

(-) S + Shall/will + Not + V1 + O

(?) Shall/will + S + V1 + O ?

c. We shall study english tomorrow.

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Present Continues Tense

1. we use present perfect continues tense when we talk about the action that is
happing at the time around speaking

EX. I am Studying now.

2. We use present continues tense when we talk about thing happening in a period
around now.

EX. I am working hard today

She is leaving jakarta this night.

Time Signal : today, this, now.

Present Tense

1. We use present tense to talk about the action in general

EX. The earth goes around the sun.

2. We use present tense when we talk how often we do thing

EX. I get up at 05 O'Clock a.m every morning.

Time signal : Every day, every time, every month, every week

Adverb Of prequency : always, usually, seldom, often, rarely, never.

Future

Masih dalam perencanaan belum terjadi Untuk masa depan.

Time Signal : Tomorrow, next week, next month, next day.

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Passive Voice

Simple present

I eat bread -> Bread is eaten by me (S + V + O) -> (S + to be + V3 + by + O)

Langkah-langkah

1. object dalam kalimat aktif berubah menjadi subject dalam kalimat pasif

2. To be ( am, is, are) dibutuhkan kemudian di ikuti ''V3'' lalu ''By'' past
(was,were)

3. Subject dalam kalimat aktif berubah menjadi object dalam kalimat pasif.

Past tense

Sarah found a key -> A key was found by her. (S + V + O) -> (S + to be + V3 + by
+ O)

Present Continues Tense

A : Victor and Memet are learning English

P : English Is being Learned by them

1. object dalam kalimat aktif berubah menjadi subject dalam kalimat pasif

2. To be (am, is, are) + being + V3 -> (sedang dilakukan) + By .

Past Continues Tense.

A : Victor and Memet were learning English

P : English was being Learned by them

Present perfect tense (S + has/have + V3 + O/C)

A : She has cooked a bowl of soup.

P : A Bowl of soup has been cooked by her ---

A : Bayu has sent a letter

P : A letter has been sent by them.

Futute Tense

A : memet will visit the indonesian palace

P : The indonesian Palace will be visited by him.

Be Going To

A : memet is going to visit the indonesian palace

P : The indonesian Palace is going to be visited by him.

Futute Perfect

A : Sinta will have visited by mother

P : My mother will have been visited by her.

Direct & Indirect

statement/pernyataan : Yuyun said "I am Hungry"

Command/perintah : Teacher said " Don't be noise"

Question/Pertanyaan : Teacher said "where is angga"

STATEMENT/PERINTAH

-D :Muhajir SAID, " I am fit now"

I :Muhajir said that he was fit now

- D :Muhajir SAYS, I am fit now"

I : Muhajir says that he is fit then

""CatataN"

1. apakah main verbnya present atau past

Apabila main verbnya PAST, maka terjadi perubahan tenses

Apabila Main verbnya PRESENT, maka tidak terjadi perubahan tenses.

Apabila Terjadi Perubahan Tenses

1. Present Tense -> Past Tense (S + V1 + O/C) -> (S + V2 + O/C)

2. Past Tense -> Past Perfect Tense (S + V2 + O/C) -> (S + Had + V3 + O/C)

3. Present Continues Tense -> Past Continues Tense (S + to be + VIng + O/C) ->
(S + Was/were + VIng + O/C)

4. Present Perfect Tense -> Past Perfect Tense (S + Have/Has + V3 + O/C) -> (S +
Had + V3 + O/C)

Time signal

Now --> Then, Tomorrow --> The day after/the following day, Yesterday --> The
day before/The Previous day, Next week --> The Week after/the following week,
This --> That, Here --> There.

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Modal

can --> could, will --> would, shall --> should, may --> might, must --> had to.

Edi said ,"I can run very past --> edi said that he could run very fast.

Ibe says," I will go to canteen" --> ibe says that he will go to canteen.

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COMMAND/PERINTAH

Dalam Bentuk Positif (+)

Teacher said,"Open The door ( diawali dengan kata kerja (verb) 'Open') -->
Teacher said me to open the door

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Langkah2 membuat indirect command

1. tulis S + V + O

2. Meskipun tidak disebutkan object dalam kalimat perintah tetapi tetap
dilekatkan ( Me You Us ...) dan di ikuti "to"

Negatif (-)

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Contoh

Teacher said " don't shut the window"

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1.S + Verbnya

2.Meskipun object tdk disebutkan tetapi harus diletakkan

3. Setelah object di ikuti oleh ( not to + ....)

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Teacher said me not to shut the window.

- Undek Said " Don't take my helmet"

- Undek said me to not to take his helmets.

QUESTION/Pertanyaan (Pertanyaan dalam bentuk interogative membutuhkan kata
"whether" atau "if")

Whether --> Apakah

If --> Jika

Contoh :

Via said " am I a student?" --> Via said whether she was a student.

Sani Says " am I a journalist" --> Sani says if she is a Journalist?

Mariam said "Do you sent my letter?" --> Mariam said whether I send her letter

Annajar said " can I invite you?" --> annajar said whether I could invite him